Document Type

Peer-Reviewed Article

Publication Date

1-2016

Journal Title or Book Title

Journal of Forensic Sciences

Volume

61

Issue

S1

Version

Pre-Print

Publisher's Statement

"This is the pre-peer reviewed version of the following article: Marino, M. A., Voyer, B., Cody, R. B., Dane, A. J., Veltri, M. and Huang, L. (2016), Rapid Identification of Synthetic Cannabinoids in Herbal Incenses with DART-MS and NMR. J Forensic Sci, 61: S82–S91. doi:10.1111/1556-4029.12932, which has been published in final form at http://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1556-4029.12932/abstract. This article may be used for non-commercial purposes in accordance with Wiley Terms and Conditions for Self-Archiving."

DOI

10.1111/1556-4029.12932

Abstract

The usage of herbal incenses containing synthetic cannabinoids has caused an increase in medical incidents and triggered legislations to ban these products throughout the world. Law enforcement agencies are experiencing sample backlogs due to the variety of the products and the addition of new and still-legal compounds. In our study, proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy was employed to promptly screen the synthetic cannabinoids after their rapid, direct detection on the herbs and in the powders by direct analysis in real time mass spectrometry (DART-MS). A simple sample preparation protocol was employed on 50 mg of herbal sample matrices for quick NMR detection. Ten synthetic cannabinoids were discovered in fifteen herbal incenses. The combined DART-MS and NMR methods can be used to quickly screen synthetic cannabinoids in powder and herbal samples, serving as a complementary approach to conventional GC-MS or LC-MS methods.

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